Critical Appraisal Check Control Studies â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Examine About The Critical Appraisal Check Control Studies? Answer: Presentation The current paper tries to basically break down the examination by Hassan, Bondy, Wolff, Abbruzzese, Vauthey, Pisters, Evans, Khan, Chou, Lenzi, and Li (2007). Thusly, the legitimacy and value of the discoveries will be surveyed. Since Hassan, et al (2007)s exploration was a case-control study, the device gave by the CASP (Critical Appraisal Skills Program) will be utilized (case control study) to direct the evaluation. The paper will likewise decide the degree to which there is a causal relationship between pancreatic malignant growth which is the principle result and utilization of liquor, smoking of cigarette, pancreatic disease family ancestry, diabetes mellitus, and history of pancreatitis. By and large, Hassan, et al (2007)s investigation is seen as of good quality since its methodological qualities outperform its shortcomings, and it has inner and outside legitimacy. CASP Tool for Case Control Study The basic examination instrument for assessing case control contemplates is made out of three wide issues that ought to be placed into thought, legitimacy of the discoveries, what the discoveries are, and whether the discoveries will help locally (CASP, 2017). The three issues are then separated into an aggregate of 11 inquiries, which will be utilized to direct assessment of the picked article. Legitimacy of the Results The creators tended to an unmistakably engaged issue since the goal of doing the exploration was apparent with an away from of the populace and hazard factors being researched. A case control was suitable to address the inquiry since pancreatic malignant growth is an uncommon condition. As Song and Chung (2010) diagrams, case controls are fit well when examining uncommon results. Additionally, case control reads take into consideration more than one hazard factor to be assessed for an only one result (Song and Chung, 2010). In Hassan, et al (2007)s investigation, different hazard factors including, substantial admission liquor consumption, pancreatic malignant growth cigarette smoking, and pancreatitis family ancestry, and diabetes mellitus were totally analyzed for pancreatic disease. The creators utilized emergency clinic based case-control. The cases were occurrence as they were chosen from patients that had as of late been determined to have pancreatic malignancy. As CLIO (2004) traces, utilizing episode cases instead of common expands certainty that exposures event were before the result maladies beginning. Also, utilizing occurrence cases guaranteed no instances of over-portrayal of long length. The quantity of cases chose was essentially enormous (808 members) and were changing with age, ethnicity, sex, and social classes, guaranteeing that they were an agent of a characterized populace. The avoidance and incorporation measure was clear guaranteeing consistency in the attributes of cases. All the cases had been determined to have pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, lived in the U.S. furthermore, would convey in English. Patients with different sorts of tumors were rejected along with those with previous history of malignancy. All things considered, the cases w ere chosen in a worthy way. When selecting controls, the creators were quick to keep away from predisposition. Controls were browsed solid companions just as hereditarily random individuals from the patients family with other malignancy types other than pancreatic disease. This would help limit determination predisposition by barring first degree and family members that are not related by hereditary qualities however with pancreatic malignancy as controls since the previous may have hereditary variables identified with the result while thelatter may have a similar way of life factors that may incline them to the malady, for example, dietary propensities. In this way, by doing so the examination would decide the genuine connection between pancreatic malignant growth and some hazard factors, for example, family ancestry of the infection, cigarette smoking, and ecological components without the connection being adjusted. The controls were from numerous points of view like the cases. The creators utilized coordinating where the cases and controls were regularly coordinated by variables, for example, age, ethnicity, and sex. As Rose and Laan (2009) proposes, coordinating assists with expanding the productivity of the investigation by permitting comparable dispersions across jumbling factors among case and controls. Albeit a few researchers, for example, Pearce (2016) contend that coordinating doesn't dispense with bewildering yet rather may present it by the coordinating components, it is increasingly practical that coordinated testing results to adjusting controls and cases over the picked coordinating variable levels, subsequently lessening change and improving measurable proficiency (Rose and Laan, 2009). All things considered, Hassan, et al (2007) improved the proficiency of their investigation through coordinating. A studys legitimacy is additionally controlled by the pace of non-reaction. As indicated by Groves (2006) high non-reaction can prompt non-reaction inclination. In Hassan, et al (2007)s investigation, the non-reaction rate was 19.4% with the purposes behind inability to take an interest changing. In any case, the creators advocated that factual investigation indicated that there was no critical contrasts among missed and chose patients dependent on sex, race/ethnicity, age, residency state, and instructive level. All things considered, the investigation was liberated from non-reaction predisposition. The nature of case control examines is contributed by the quantity of cases and controls chose. In the current examination under evaluation, the creators enlisted a similar number of cases and controls. Choosing equivalent number expands the proficiency of an investigation as BMJ (n.d.) states. In any case, the cases included more seasoned people and had lower level of instruction contra sted with controls, a perspective that may have meddled with the examination results. Ascertainment of presentation may likewise affect on the legitimacy and dependability of an investigation. Much the same as most case-control contemplates, Hassan, et al (2017)s investigation set up introduction from individual review by methods for self controlled survey and organized meetings. As BMJ (n.d.) states, the legitimacy of data from individual review rely altogether upon the topic. Along these lines, it might have been hard for certain members to recall their past propensities, lessening the dependability of the discoveries. For example, one of the hazard factors looked to be researched by Hassan, et al (2007) was dietary propensities. Review inclination may have come about since it might be dangerous for people to recollect their past nourishing propensities. Also, almost certainly, cases may recollect past exposures than controls since they may have calculated the possible reasons for their conditions. As Carlson and Morrison (2009) states, inclination may result if con trols and cases review diversely past encounters. Jumbling elements may influence the discoveries of an investigation as they may contort the genuine relationship between factors. They may dishonestly exhibit a clear or veil a relationship between a hazard factor and a result when there is no presence of any relationship (Skelly, Dettroli, Brodt, 2012). Hassan, et al (2007) tended to different frustrating, for example, introduction to tobacco, utilization of liquor, and incessant ailments. Other significant puzzling variables represented by the creators are hereditary and way of life contemplations where they prohibited first degree family members and companions separately. These components may expand the danger of creating pancreatic malignant growth. In this way, by the creators selecting controls that were viewed as liberated from introduction to them they diminished the impact of jumbling on the examination. What the Results Are Hassan, et al (2007)s discoveries uncovered that diabetes mellitus, overwhelming utilization of liquor, history of pancreatitis, pancreatic malignancy family ancestry, and cigarette smoking were noteworthy pancreatic disease chance components. The investigation likewise uncovered synergistic cooperations between family pancreatic malignant growth family ancestry, cigarette smoking, and type 2 diabetes in ladies. The outcomes were balanced for bewildering and the affiliations were in all likelihood inconsequential influenced by these variables. The accuracy of an exploration finding is a significant determinant of the nature of the investigation. Exactness can be demonstrated by test size and studys productivity (Carlson and Morrison, 2009). In general, Hassan, et al (2007)s examination gave exact outcomes since they included adjusted gatherings of non-uncovered, uncovered, without result, and with result. Furthermore, the balanced chances proportion had limited certainty stretches, demonstrating high accuracy in assessing the affiliations. Regardless of whether the Results Will Help Locally Hassan, et al (2007) fused a critical number of members in their investigation. Moreover, members were made out of individuals from various geographic territories, ages, and ethnic gatherings, making it delegate. Subsequently, the outcomes can be summed up to an increasingly widespread populace. In this way, the investigation has outer legitimacy End The examination by Hassan, et al (2017) can be esteemed of acceptable quality dependent on the current evaluation. In spite of the fact that it was found to have a few shortcomings, for example, review predisposition, its exactness and interior and outer legitimacy were not bargained. The creators tended to the greater part of the issues that may bring down the nature of the examination, for example, jumbling factors, determination of cases and controls, tended to an obviously engaged inquiry, and picked controls adequately. Thusly, the examination can be applied to everybody and can be utilized to help proof based human services combined with different confirmations from other exploration contemplates. References BMJ. (n.d.). part 8: case-control and cross sectional investigations. The BMJ. Recovered from https://www.bmj.com/about-bmj/assets perusers/distributions/the study of disease transmission unenlightened/8-case-control-and-cross-sectional Carlson, M.D.A., Morrison, R.S. (2009). Study structure, accuracy, and legitimacy in observational investigations. Diary of Palliative Medicine. 12(1), 77-82. CLIO. (2004). Occurrence versus Pervasive cases. CLIO Learning Modules. Recovered from https://cliomods.stanford.e

General Topics For Essay Writing

General Topics For Essay WritingThere are numerous general topics for essay writing. These topics cover a lot of ground but it's best to be creative and resourceful in how you think about this topic.The first thing you must be able to do when you write an essay is to be succinct. By being concise, you not only make your essay more readable but you also don't waste the time of your reader which is the main reason that people often get frustrated with essays.The next thing you need to know about general topics for essay writing is the length of the essay itself. If you know the length of your essay then you can calculate how much time it will take you to write the essay. You want to know what the maximum length of your essay is before you begin writing so that you can come up with more effective ideas in how to structure the essay.Another thing you need to know about general topics for essay writing is the purpose of the essay. If the purpose of the essay is to boost your GPA, you're g oing to be as brief as possible. In addition, if you want to be awarded a scholarship or if you want to be a finalist for something like a journalism prize, you're going to have to be more detailed in your essay.And of course, the best way to organize your essay is to have an outline of what you expect the essay to cover. When you can work from an outline, you can focus on the most important points and make sure that you have covered everything that you need to.General topics for essay writing are more about how you want to structure the essay than they are about how your subject will be explained. If you want to add lots of interesting facts to your essay, try to make it as informative as possible without being overly wordy.In order to be truly successful with general topics for essay writing, you'll have to really sit down and think about the whole topic in your mind. Be aware that the main idea is your general topic for essay writing and that can easily change based on the subjec t matter of your essay.Writing this type of essay can be a very long process, but you can get past the last part and finish the process within a few weeks. As long as you have thought of all of the different parts of the essay and have an outline, you should be fine in developing a great essay.

Political Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Political Theory - Essay Example These pioneers accept their particular situations in government for a predefined timeframe after which they come back to their ordinary work never to serve the individuals again. During their residency in the administration, pioneers in a republic should serve the interests of the individuals who chose them to the detriment of their own advantages. In any state, republicanism underlines on a few noteworthy ideas that incorporate commitment to serving the individuals, focal points of general political support, the negative impacts of debasement, severe adherence to the standard of law, and the need to isolate powers. From these ideas, the most noteworthy worth that stands separated in republicanism is political freedom. For this situation, political freedom rises above the absence of government impedance in exclusive issues to join independence and self-control as key determinants of cultural prosperity. Political freedom keeps off the administration and its initiative from the privat e existences of its residents. The government’s impedance with the private existences of its residents possibly happens when singular exercises compromise the prosperity of the whole republic. All things considered, the job of the legislature in a republic is to ensure the whole republic (Duff, 2011). ... Especially, the exposition investigates the degree to which Jon Locke’s implicit agreement hypothesis is perfect with the republican belief systems of Niccolo Machiavelli. Understanding Social Contract Social agreement is a show between people that means to dispose of the condition of nature. Under this condition of nature, people exist together calmly without the impedance by the legislature and its composed principles and guidelines. Standards of equity dependent on singular capacity to reason effectively manage the people’s lifestyle. These standards incorporate the privilege to freedom and the option to live. They apply to all people paying little heed to race or ethnicity. Through thinking, most people try to follow these standards; in any case, the absence of composed guidelines results to difficulties particularly in the way at which people understand the emerging relational clashes (Maloy, 2009). In the midst of such clashes, the condition of nature turns into a n implicit understanding as people look for help from the state. To explain these contentions, the state sets up rules and upholds them inciting the individuals to pay the state for its job in compromise. In this procedure, the administration sets up lawmaking bodies, law requirement units, and non-factional legal frameworks to ensure the privilege of each person. This hypothesis clarifies the procedures of framing states and governments. Especially, this hypothesis centers around the willful arrangement of data to the administration by the individuals. This is on the grounds that the administration serves the individuals and it requires exact data from the individuals during the time spent serving them. Jon Locke’s Social Contract Theory and its Compatibility with the Republican Ideologies of Niccolo Machiavelli In this

Best Tips on Writing a Visual Analysis Essay

Writing a standard essay is not an easy job, and creating a visual analysis essay can make students frustrated because this type of work is different from usual essays you used to write. This essay requires the analysis of any kind of visual information, such as portrait, painting, or any other type of artistic object. Without knowing right methods and approaches, its impossible to make a successful paper. Thats why before writing it is so important to learn the principles of creating this work. We have gathered all important tips about a visual analysis writing here. At the very beginning, it may seem very easy to you to make a description of a picture or a photo. Usually, students start this work with enthusiasm, but later they face problems and struggle with writing. We are here to help you! Read this detailed and simple visual analysis essay writing guide, and make a strong and successful paper easily and fast! What is the goal and types of this essay? As we already said, this type of work may describe any subject. With this work, the author describes an image or photo and analyses the way its made. The visual analysis also provides the readers with the meaning that the certain image brings. If it goes about history art, the work may evaluate the meaning of this image for the current time, and also consider the historical meaning. In general, this essay may be written about many things, including painting, photograph, artwork, sculpture, advertisement, or political cartoon. How to write a visual analysis essay of an images When you are required to describe an image, you have to mention the artists name, painting title, date of creating, and size. In this paper, you will have to mention details about a theme, background, subject, and also write down ideas you got from viewing the image. Dont forget to concentrate your attention on another point such as symmetry, shapes, style, etc. Creating a sculptures visual analysis A description of any kind of sculpture requires information about its title, the artists name, date and place of creating, and the dimensions of the object. You also have to mention if this sculpture is representational or abstract with an explanation of this opinion. Include information about color, light, lines, depth, and space. Making an analysis of photo image When you analyze a photo, its almost the same as making a description of the image. You just have to write about details, including lighting, texture, colors, dimensions, etc. Mention what emotions you feel while viewing the certain photo, and share your own opinion with readers. Creating a visual analysis of a political cartoon If you need to write an analysis of this piece, first of all you have to pay attention at the main idea of the cartoon. Dont forget to point on symbols, labeling, analogy, irony, and exaggeration — these are things that often used in such cartoons. Define the main goal the cartoonist wanted to give to watchers. Express your own opinion and thoughts about the cartoon. How to write a visual analysis paper on an advertisement While making an analysis of an advertisement, first of all, you need to present the product or service of ad to readers. Then provide background information about the advertisement. Define the audience this ad was made for, analyze the people reaction, and end your paper with your own opinion about the certain advertisement. Building a proper structure of visual analysis paper If you have written some essays before, you need to remember that its quite important to structure your work properly. Your paper should be well-structured, so the readers will understand it much better. Make sure your essay contains next three parts: Introduction for visual analysis essay — in this paragraph you present the object of your analysis to readers, explaining the purpose of the artist. Here you may tell how and when the object was created. Remember that you should put a thesis statement that tells the readers about the meaning of the piece. Body part — here you have to support a thesis statement with main ideas. Describe all characteristics of an object you analyze, including genre, style, size, composition, colors, etc. Conclusion — this is a final part of your paper, and we suggest writing here the following things: 1) You may compare the object to other similar works of art; 2) You can suggest how this object of art fits into the artists works, or a company, or the ad campaign; 3) Compare what reaction people got from the piece when they saw it first with a reaction of people today. Here you can also bring your own thoughts, impressions, ideas. Step-by-step instruction how to write a visual analysis essay Here we want to share a detailed instruction that will help you to make a strong and interesting paper. Choose a subject for your future paper. Describe an object. Pay your attention at its shapes, color, shades, background, foreground, place or people it shows, and other elements you can see. This is a very important step in creating your future paper. Respond to the object. Write about your first reaction, and how you feel observing the piece. Maybe this object reminded you of something? You need to describe your reaction here. Analyze the object. If you want to know how to write a visual analysis paper, here you have to define the artists purpose. Explain why he or she made this object of art? What was the aim of creating an object? Try to give an explanation to the readers why this object was made and what kind of emotions and feelings the artist wanted people to have. Create an outline. This step that will help you to create a clear paper without forgetting or missing anything. Put a lot of details into your plan, and it will be much easier for you to write a logical and interesting essay. Make a thesis statement. Put the man idea of understanding an object into a thesis (meaning of the object of your analysis). Write down the first draft of your essay according to the outline. Take your time, and dont try to concentrate on errors, you will have time for it, too. Concentrate on the content of your paper. Revise your work and rewrite it as many times as you need. Make sure you didnt jump from one thing to another suddenly, and all paper sounds smooth. Re-read a final version of your paper to find and correct mistakes. We suggest using online software to check the grammar. Read your essay aloud to hear how it sounds, plus it is a great way to find and correct logical mistakes. If you are not sure that you have found all errors, ask your friend, parent or relative to read the paper and make some corrections. Useful tips how to write a strong visual analysis essay We want to provide you with more information about creating a bright paper. Get some more good tips for describing an image: Its not so hard to analyze images as it may seem to you. Its important to see some tricks the artists used to get the certain reaction from people. For example, the most important objects are usually light and big, while the less important things will be found smaller, darker or put in the background of the picture. You also can analyze colors: blue usually means relaxation, green symbolizes nature, and red color always means passion, danger, or blood. Try to look closely at the picture. Try to understand why the artist composed it this way and how he or she created a message to tell people through the work. Describe a picture carefully, item by item, step by step, and eventually it will bring you to the most important thought of the entire piece of art. Dont make research and trust only your eyes. We suggest putting your own feelings and impressions you have got from this picture. Of course, you may search for this image on Internet and read other people opinion, but its better not to get into research when writing this type of essay. You can be influenced by another persons opinion, so the entire paper would be based not on your own impressions. Try to find and read some strong examples of a visual analysis essay. We dont mean to copy those papers! But you may learn a lot of things observing how other people describe various objects in their papers. Its always something new to learn in each great essay example! We hope that you got many good ideas how to write a good visual analysis essay with our little help. Needless to say this type of writing requires a lot of patience, time, experience, and skills. Use all information we shared here, and create a successful paper to impress your audience!

The Technological Side Of Fashion - 2188 Words

Between the 18th and 19th century, the Industrial Revolution occurred in Britain, leaving results that greatly impacted on the way that people lived their lives. Until this very day aspects of society are continuously changing especially in the world of fashion. The fashion industry is constantly evolving especially both technological and economical aspects. The technological side of fashion has emerged greatly with technology like 3D printers becoming common for fashion brands to use when creating new garments. For example during the winter of 2015 the high street brand Topshop collaborated with Wonderluk, a company who create and sell 3D printed accessories. The collaboration included 3D printed necklaces, rings, and bowties. In economic†¦show more content†¦For example, a main attribute of the economics will be how much each piece of clothing costs to make. Also, other costs such the disruption and shipping of the clothing will be included in the economic side of fashion. Companies spend big amounts of money in all of these elements of fashion, especially on the textiles used to produce the garment with along with the materials that will be used to distribute the clothing in. Cotton, a heavily used material in the fashion industry, is regularly blamed for contributing towards environmental issues that the world is facing alongside other things. Sportswear brand Puma, are aware of the waste the fashion industry is believed to be contributing towards environmental issues, so the company teamed up with designer Yves Behar in 2015 to create the ’clever little bag’. This is their new sustainable way of distributing their shoes to customers instead of using cardboard boxes. Instead the bag is made with less material and as the packaging is a sleeve with handles there is no need for a use of a plastic carrier bag when the shoes are first purchased. The main concept behind the change of the packaging was to help reduce the amount of wastage that happens when shoes are distributed in shoe boxes. Because shoe boxes are not being re-used or recycled into something else more and more cardboard is being wasted, which goes back to a big amount of trees are being cut down to produce these boxes. It

Creating a Reliable Database for Small Business Enterprises Essay

Essays on Creating a Reliable Database for Small Business Enterprises Essay The paper "Creating a Reliable Database for Small Business Enterprises" is an outstanding example of an essay on information technology. Information technology refers to the transfer and access of data through the use of computers. Small business enterprises need to create and design reliable databases for better services and loss minimization. For instance, if a small businessman runs a chain of hotels or has a cafà © offering both take in and take away foods, it is prudent for them to design a database for his products (Reid 13). The logical database design will rely on different entities depending on what the cafà © provides most to its clients. The database should put into consideration customer preferences, price list; door delivery if available and a mode of ordering by the clients from the comfort of their homes. For effectiveness, the database should indicate details of the customers, those who buy takeaway, take in and those who prefer to order from their homes.   The database will play a significant role in the business by creating a strong customer base and increase their loyalty in case the business person decides to give offers in times of special occasions for his clients. The database should contain all the sales of the day, enable a tracking functionality; this helps in reducing loss and theft from employees. The database should also contain all the details of every single employee working in the hotel/cafà © for easier reference (Reid 13). A reliable database for any single small business enterprise will change the dynamics of the venture, and increase customers hence increased profits. It’s a challenging aspect of information technology, but every business person should be encouraged to implement it for the benefit of their businesses.

Over The Products Of A Competing Company †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Over The Products Of A Competing Company? Answer: Introducation Knowing whether or not the use of iPhone 7 can be affected by extreme temperature is important as the consumer who travels widely and intends to own an iPhone 7 need to be prepared on how to deal with the mobile phone in cases where it has been affected (Haris, 2017, pp.32). Such a consumer may be a resident of India but travels Chennai or Goa, destinations known for very high temperatures. Opinions based on the iPhone operating system is important as it helps to know whether the consumer found all the features they wanted in a phone and if the features found were fully operational to the best of their desire (Moffett Eiteman, 2017 pp.117). User -friendly phones are important in the sense that they can fit into the busy lifestyles of consumers who own them as they have minimal complexity and are easy to operate making them reliable and can be used to conduct the buyers day to day activity without much difficulty. The consumers use, and opinion will help consider the companys current situation by weighing the strength and weakness of their product such as the advantage and disadvantage it has over the products of a competing company. The opinions also help to define target audience with the considerations of facts such as an efficient operating system for business men (Baines Antonetti, 20167 pp.82). The ideas assist in the listing of marketing goals such as increasing the companys sale by 100% annually. For the question of the effectiveness of the operating system of the iPhone 7, visiting a highly populated place such as shopping malls or the market will be a good way to gather information using marketing research techniques and conduct one on one interview and watch the shopping preferences of the consumers (Dalgic leeuw, 2015pp.137). These places offer a wide opportunity to carry out different accounting research techniques such as survey, observation, and field trials. Quantitative approach The quantitative approach is a method that can be used to gather information from the market research skills. The marketing research technique, in this case, being survey and observation (Education Lukas, 2014 pp.10). Data collected can be critically analyzed and manipulated to arrive at conclusions making it a desirable method since it mostly deals with numerical data (Flint Golic, 2016 pp.97). Data gathered from the survey and observation will mainly comprise of numbers of different consumers, their age, some products bought and numbers of product outlet observed. Advantages of quantitative approach Embracing the quantitative approach puts one at an advantage of having immediate feedback as the marketer works with facts of numbers compared to the method of qualitative approach where marketer works with words (Hair Hollensen, 2015, pp. 57).The quantitative approach also gives the marketer the privilege of having a one on one interactions with the consumer compared to the qualitative method where one on one interaction is limited. Disadvantage Quantitative approach method can be costly because of labor in the field, time and money compared to qualitative approach method. References Hair Jr, J.F. and Hollensen, S., 2015. Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Lukas, B., 2014. Marketing research (Vol. 2). McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Moffett, M.H., Stonehill, A.I. and Eiteman, D.K., 2017. Fundamentals of multinational finance. Pearson. Dalgic, T. and Leeuw, M., 2015. Niche marketing revisited: theoretical and practical issues. InProceedings of the 1993 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 137-145). Springer, Cham. Springer, Cham. Flint, D.J., Signori, P. and Golicic, S.L., 2016. Brand Management Fundamentals. In Contemporary Wine Marketing and Supply Chain Management (pp. 97-115). Palgrave Macmillan US. Harris, C., 2017. The Fundamentals of Digital Fashion Marketing. Bloomsbury Publishing. Baines, P., Fill, C., Rosengren, S. and Antonetti, P., 2017. Fundamentals of Marketing. Oxford University Press.

The Journey Of Odysseus And Telemachos In The Odyssey Written By Homer

The Journey of Odysseus and Telemachos In The Odyssey written by Homer and translated by Richard Lattimore, several themes are made evident, conceived by the nature of the time period, and customs of the Greek people. These molded and shaped the actual flow of events and outcomes of the poem. Beliefs of this characteristic were represented by the sheer reverence towards the gods and the humanities the Greek society exhibited, and are both deeply rooted within the story. In the intricate and well-developed plot of The Odyssey, Homer harmonized several subjects. One of these, was the quest of Telemachos, (titled "Telemachy") in correlation with the journey of his father. In this, he is developed from a childish, passive, and untested boy, to a young man preparing to stand by his fathers side. This is directly connected to the voyage of Odysseus, in that they both lead to the same finale, and are both stepping stones towards wisdom, manhood, and scholarship. Through these voyages certain parallels are drawn concerning Odysseus and Telemachos: the physical journeys, the mental preparations they have produced, and what their emotional status has resulted in. These all partake a immense role in the way the story is set up, stemming from the purpose of each character's journey, their personal challenges, and the difficulties that surround them. The story commences when Odysseus, a valiant hero of the Trojan war, journeys back home. Together with his courageous comrades, and a several vessels, he set sail for his homeland Ithaca. Fated to wander for a full ten years, Odysseus's ships were immediately blown to Thrace by a powerful storm. The expedition had begun. Upon this misfortune, he and his men started a raid on the land of the Cicones. However, this only provided them with temporary success. The Cicones had struck back and defeated a vast majority of Odysseus's crew. This was their first of many disastrous experiences to come. Storms then blew his s hips to Libya and the land of the Lotus-eaters, where the crew was given Lotus fruit from which most lost their entire memories from home. Odysseus, and the others who had not tasted it, recovered the sailors by force, and set sail again, westward, this time to the island of the Cyclops, a wild race of one-eyed giants. Leaving most of his men in a sheltered cove, Odysseus then entered the island with one crew only. They wandered around, encountering, and foolishly entering an immense cave, awaiting the owner. Moments later, a Cyclops named Polyphemos, son of Poseidon, entered and pushed a huge bolder covering the entrance to the cave. Upon this, he immediately ate two sailors, and promised to eat the others in due time. The morning came, and Polyphemos had promptly eaten two more seamen, against the will of Zeus. Odysseus, soon realized that killing him asleep would do no good since the mouth of the cave was still inescapable. The captain had then devised a new plan. When Polyphemos returned that evening, Odysseus showered the monster with wine until he had fallen under a drunken spell. Then, with the help of his companions took a sharp pole and rammed it into his large eye, blinding him instantaneously. As the crew sailed away into the vast dimensions of the sea, Odysseus had unwisely revealed his name in taunting the poor beast, boasting his excessive pride. Polyphemos then made a prayer to his father, asking to punish the man who had caused him this harm. Several days later Odysseus and his men arrived at the island of Aeolus, keeper of the winds. There, they stayed for about one month, and departed, in sight of the long-awaited Ithaca. However, before they left, Odysseus was presented with a container of winds, carrying each but the needed West wind. As Ithaca approached, the crew not knowing the contents of the "skin", opened it up and released all of the winds, depositing the ships back at the island of Aeolus, who refused to help them any further. Setting sail once again, the group headed back west, where they had come across the Island of the Laesrtygonians, a savage race of cannibals. Everyone, but Odysseus, lined their ships at the harbor, The Journey Of Odysseus And Telemachos In The Odyssey Written By Homer The Journey of Odysseus and Telemachos In The Odyssey written by Homer and translated by Richard Lattimore, several themes are made evident, conceived by the nature of the time period, and customs of the Greek people. These molded and shaped the actual flow of events and outcomes of the poem. Beliefs of this characteristic were represented by the sheer reverence towards the gods and the humanities the Greek society exhibited, and are both deeply rooted within the story. In the intricate and well-developed plot of The Odyssey, Homer harmonized several subjects. One of these, was the quest of Telemachos, (titled "Telemachy") in correlation with the journey of his father. In this, he is developed from a childish, passive, and untested boy, to a young man preparing to stand by his fathers side. This is directly connected to the voyage of Odysseus, in that they both lead to the same finale, and are both stepping stones towards wisdom, manhood, and scholarship. Through these voyages certain parallels are drawn concerning Odysseus and Telemachos: the physical journeys, the mental preparations they have produced, and what their emotional status has resulted in. These all partake a immense role in the way the story is set up, stemming from the purpose of each character's journey, their personal challenges, and the difficulties that surround them. The story commences when Odysseus, a valiant hero of the Trojan war, journeys back home. Together with his courageous comrades, and a several vessels, he set sail for his homeland Ithaca. Fated to wander for a full ten years, Odysseus's ships were immediately blown to Thrace by a powerful storm. The expedition had begun. Upon this misfortune, he and his men started a raid on the land of the Cicones. However, this only provided them with temporary success. The Cicones had struck back and defeated a vast majority of Odysseus's crew. This was their first of many disastrous experiences to come. Storms then blew his s hips to Libya and the land of the Lotus-eaters, where the crew was given Lotus fruit from which most lost their entire memories from home. Odysseus, and the others who had not tasted it, recovered the sailors by force, and set sail again, westward, this time to the island of the Cyclops, a wild race of one-eyed giants. Leaving most of his men in a sheltered cove, Odysseus then entered the island with one crew only. They wandered around, encountering, and foolishly entering an immense cave, awaiting the owner. Moments later, a Cyclops named Polyphemos, son of Poseidon, entered and pushed a huge bolder covering the entrance to the cave. Upon this, he immediately ate two sailors, and promised to eat the others in due time. The morning came, and Polyphemos had promptly eaten two more seamen, against the will of Zeus. Odysseus, soon realized that killing him asleep would do no good since the mouth of the cave was still inescapable. The captain had then devised a new plan. When Polyphemos returned that evening, Odysseus showered the monster with wine until he had fallen under a drunken spell. Then, with the help of his companions took a sharp pole and rammed it into his large eye, blinding him instantaneously. As the crew sailed away into the vast dimensions of the sea, Odysseus had unwisely revealed his name in taunting the poor beast, boasting his excessive pride. Polyphemos then made a prayer to his father, asking to punish the man who had caused him this harm. Several days later Odysseus and his men arrived at the island of Aeolus, keeper of the winds. There, they stayed for about one month, and departed, in sight of the long-awaited Ithaca. However, before they left, Odysseus was presented with a container of winds, carrying each but the needed West wind. As Ithaca approached, the crew not knowing the contents of the "skin", opened it up and released all of the winds, depositing the ships back at the island of Aeolus, who refused to help them any further. Setting sail once again, the group headed back west, where they had come across the Island of the Laesrtygonians, a savage race of cannibals. Everyone, but Odysseus, lined their ships at the harbor,

Analysis of Hidesign Company

Analysis of Hidesign Company Hidesign is an Indian company started in the year 1978 by Dilip Kapur (Kachru 2011, p. 131). The company has been manufacturing affordable luxury leather goods for the last 30 years. As such, the company produces extensive collections of leather products such as belts, bags, and other leather accessories.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Hidesign Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ways Hidesign should have explored further products Since the year 2010, the company has extended its brand through the production of other luxury products such as sunglasses, watches, and pens. Other than focusing on the productions of these products, there are other ways the company should have explored to increase its brand. The company should have considered entering into the cosmetic business. Currently, the company has opened a number of stores in several countries. This implies that the credibility of the companyâ₠¬â„¢s products cannot be doubted. Therefore, the company should have taken an advantage of their reputation and expand its business by diversifying into a cosmetic business. Over the last century, the cosmetic industry has been expanding rigorously. This does not imply that the company would have ready market once they expand their brand into this business. The company would have to develop good and quality cosmetic products before launching them. Equally, the company should have expanded its brand by diversifying into the service industry. In India, there is abundant human labour force (Hoffmann 2011, p. 25). Thus, emerging companies should find ways of tapping the cheap labour force to increase their returns. In the same way, Hidesign should have exploited this advantage by diversifying into the service industry.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Example of lifesty le-related portfolios targeting Indian youths The strong purchasing power of young Indians is forcing most companies to adopt new approaches in marketing their products. Companies focused on a wide range of products such as cosmetics, services, and social media advertising are insistently associating themselves with younger audience. In the recent past, these companies have launched online platforms for their brands. Through these platforms, the youths can be engaged. Equally, through these platforms the youths can view and order the products produced by these companies through the e-commerce business platforms. Another reputable company that sells luxury products in India is Genesis Colours (Hoffmann 2011, p. 45). Genesis Colours was established in the year 2001. By the year 2008, the company had expanded its operations to international market. Given the time the company took to break into the international market, Genesis Colours is considered one of the fastest growing companies in India. Unlike any other Indian company, Genesis Colours embraces British, Italian, and French taste in their products enabling them to compete with other international companies. Owing to their rapid success and growth, Hidesign should emulate the mode of operations and management in this company. Through this, the company would be equipped with relevant international business knowledge. How Hidesign should leverage its association with Louis Vuitton In the year 2007, a French company by the name Louis Vuitton bought a 26% stake in Hidesign.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Hidesign Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Given the fact that the operations of this French company are different from the operations in the Indian company, the association between the two companies attracted a lot of media attention. There were several speculations, which were pointed out on why the French company was inves ting in the company. Through this association, the two companies can enhance their brand equities by leveraging their associations. Unlike Hidesign, Louis Vuitton is an international company known all over the world. To enhance its presence and influence in the Indian market, Louis Vuitton should enhance its relationship with Hidesign Company. In return, Hidesign Company will benefit from the association through co-branding. Eventually, Hidesign will increase its sales internationally because of co-branding with a reputable international company. Equally, to leverage their association the two companies should link their products and market them together. By doing so, the two companies will increase their sales both locally and internationally. Through the above initiatives, the two companies will reduce the cost of positioning and introducing their products (Kumar 2009, p. 48). The only disadvantage associated with this association is that the two companies might lose control of the ir brands. The best method for Hidesign to take when going international Just like any other company, Hidesign aims at taking their products to the global market. Before a company breaks into the international market, they have to overcome several challenges. As such, taking a company into the global market is a costly task. It has taken Hisesign more than 30 years to be where there are currently positioned in the regional market. This proves that it takes several years before local companies accumulate enough resources to break into the international market (Mamoria 2003, p. 123).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When the time comes for Hisesign to enter into the international market, its international growth will be well worth the wait. As such, the company can follow certain steps to achieve this long awaited achievement. First, the company has to guard its ideas. This requires that the company patent its ideas in several countries it aims at selling its products (Heitzman 2006, p. 67). Thereafter, the company should hire attorneys in these countries. These attorneys will help the company in handling issues related to foreign currencies and legal challenges (Terpstra 2002, p. 23). After this, the company should recognize and adapt to cultural differences in these countries. Through this, the company can identify the hidden cost of doing business in these countries. Equally, through the above initiatives, the company can equip itself with labour laws in these specific countries. Lastly, the company should diversify its global network. This may require the company to do business with compani es with opposing ideas to increase their understanding of international business (Gisler 2012, p. 10). The risk and challenges of the company becoming a global lifestyle brand If the company manages to be a global lifestyle brand, it will be faced with several risks and challenges (Cateora 2004, p. 12). These problems are economic and financial challenges, foreign politics, and challenges in formulating an international approach. When a company breaks into the international market, it is usually faced with the challenge of formulating and implementing an international approach. After breaking into the international market, Hidesign’s executives will be forced to alter their thought patterns to be in line with international market. These changes are normally challenging for small companies such as Hidesign. Although there are several international companies, it should be noted that a few of them have formulated appropriate international approach. A major challenge that is face d by a company after entering into an international market is foreign politics. Political expertise is so crucial for companies working on the global stage (Bradley 2001, p. 32). Because of government changes, international companies are forced to review their plans more often. For Hidesign, they have to make appropriate political decisions in countries they operate. The company should note that any political disarray would have a negative impact on the financial systems affecting on their business. Another major risk that the company may face after entering into an international market is economic challenges (Belch 2001, p. 34). In the host nations, changes in exchange rates, oil rates, and tariff barriers might affect the cost of doing business. Therefore, Hidesign should be fully aware of these risks and come up with appropriate measures to tackle the challenges when they arise. References Belch, G. E 2001. Advertising and promotion: an integrated marketing communications perspec tive. Irwin/McGraw-Hill. Boston. Bradley, F 2001. International marketing strategy. Prentice Hall. New York. Cateora, P 2004. International marketing. R.D. Irwin. Homewood Gisler, R 2012. Best practices, limitations, and pitfalls for companies entering the Indian luxury goods market: the Mà ¶venpick Ice cream case study. University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland. Olten. Heitzman, J 2006. India: a country study.The Division. Washington, D.C. Hoffmann, J 2011. Luxury strategy in action. Palgrave Macmillan. Basingstoke. Kachru, U 2011. India, land of a billion entrepreneurs. Dorling Kindersley. New Delhi. Kumar, N 2009. Indias global powerhouses: how they are taking on the world. Harvard Business Press. Boston, Mass. Mamoria, C 2003. The Luxury Market in India: Maharajas to Masses. Kitab Mahal. Allahabad. Terpstra, V 2002. International marketing. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. New York.

Basic Network Technology, Structure, and Protocols Essay - 2

Basic Network Technology, Structure, and Protocols - Essay Example These tutorials are meant to shed light on the networking topics covered by students in college. They can also be used for references purposes by engineers and computer scientists. The projects done by students are meant for visual demonstrations on what the tutorials cover. For instance, the client-server flash interactive animation covers protocols and computer networks in general. It is a project done in 2005 by Roman Margolis and Slav Podolsky. Animations are usually developed to show, visually, what might not be clear when just put into words alone. The 2005 animation project shows how communication happens over the internet. This normally happens via the client server architecture; as the tutorial explains. A client communicates with a server and the server responds with the information requested for by the client and sends that information. Servers are numerous and are situated at various locations around the globe. Servers can be within the same room as a client computer whil e others can be remote. The protocols described in the tutorial are: IP between client-server, address resolution DNS and ICMP. The internet communications flash animation is very interactive. This is very useful as it provides detailed information and explanations as well as graphical representations of the topic it describes. This tutorial is not only useful to computer science students but also lovers of technology and the curious computer user who may want to know how some things work on the internet. It explains how to go about surfing the internet for certain information. The computer is personified for humor purposes and it definitely does not fall short in that regard. The interactivity that the two above tutorials provide is the sole reason I choose to go through them and learn a thing or two. They are easy to understand – I believe anybody can understand them. As for the business purposes that the tutorials can be used for, animated

Feilds write up Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Feilds write up - Case Study Example Fields’. The size of the company was enormous. Their preparations’ styling was different of baking from frozen dough the croissants, bread, hot soups and sandwiches, which was taken as an extended business from Mrs. Fields’ cookies. Naturally the company wanted to get the leverage of its MIS system, which was not updated to absorb the different administrative functionaries of LPB, as it was customized to absorb the administration work of the famous Chocolate Chip Company in the MIS system of Mrs. Fields’ Cookies. It was taken for granted that without changing the design of the MIS system to accommodate the overhead functions related to accounting, finance personal, human resource, training, and development of the acquired company, Mrs. Fields’ Cookies would be able to leverage from the current MIS system successfully. Assuming and finding myself in the position of an LPB store manager, I should be a puzzled lot. The mechanism that I was accustomed to work in was suddenly snatched just like a sheet from under one’s feet. Finding none of the reported to staff at the senior level could be detrimental to the organization’s financial health and affect performance in all departments. As stated by Randy, the organization structure of LPB was traditional in comparison to robust IT applications employed by the IT department to organically control the empire of cookies stores expanded worldwide. Before removing the 50 overheads of the acquired company, whose store manager I am supposed to be, it would be like crippling the whole structure of the newly acquired company without replacing or changing the system wide practices. At least some technical training was needed to be imparted to the staff to become accustomed to the work processes of organization sub structures under mechanistic and org anic structure heads. Store managers under Mrs. Fields’ Cookies organization structure were

Their impact on air pollution in aspect of chemistry Essay Example for Free

Their impact on air pollution in aspect of chemistry Essay INTRODUCTION The world’s engine and turbine systems have so far been powered by fossil fuels. In recent times however, there has been the rise of green gas or alternative energy use. Even cars that were traditionally powered by diesel and petroleum derived fuels have en modified to use green gas and fuel cell systems. Hybrid vehicles use energy systems that can be recharged and the movement system of the vehicle depends on refuel ling procedures like the use of green gas. The hybrid nature refers to the ability of the vehicle to use a blend of vehicles that are not necessarily limited to the conventional fossil fuels. In 2001 the American administration embarked on a green vehicle project popularly known a freedom car initiative. Whereas the final goal of the initiative was to reduce pollution through the use of fossil fuels-free-vehicles, hydrogen is derived from the same fossil vehicles and is used t drive vehicles. In spite of this hybrid vehicles have had an impact on the nature and composition of environmental gas. The air pollutants form fuel burning appliances occurs as mixture of gases, solids (suspended particles) and liquids suspended droplets. A mixture of particulates and droplets is commonly called aerosol; for this particular paper the tem smoke will refer to the entire mixture f pollutants from combustion; aerosol plus gases. â€Å"The pollutants in biomass smoke are essentially entirely created during the combustion process used and it does not exists in fuel before hand† as is addressed in Biofuels air pollution and health by Smith K. R pages 28. METHODOLOGY The study focused on the levels of concentration of green gas products. Other emission form hybrid vehicles and chemical effects on the environment. This calls for undertaking a number of activities including recognizing a particular chemical pollutants emitted from hybrid vehicles as a potential environmental concern. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The research undertook a major step in recognizing the emission form hybrid vehicles in both qualitative and quantities manner. It also monitored the chemical emission in hybrid vehicles particulate their impact on air pollution. In particular the study focused on levels and chemical effects of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, total hydro carbon, nitrogen oxides, dark smoke and particulates. PROCEEDINGS Results indicate that hybrid vehicles and other auto mobiles are the major source of primary air pollutants. Transpiration is responsible for major air pollutants (over 50%) in the USA. â€Å"carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons are major pollutions and it is for this reason that transportation is generally considered responsible for about 50% or current air pollution† as documented in studies in environment science 44, highway pollution by Ronald S. Hamilton page 10. The result from individual pollutants obtained from hybrid vehicle emissions are independently detailed as shown below. Carbon monoxide It was identified as the largest part of hybrid vehicle emission. In complete of fossil fuels in hybrid vehicles is its chief source. â€Å"Without pollution controls these engines emits an average of 2. 9lb. Of CO for each gallon of gasoline burnt, or nearly one ton of co for each tow tons of fuels consumed† chemistry man and environmental change by J Calvin Giddings. This clearly indicates internal combustion engine is larger factor in world wide CO emission; it is actually greatest factor in any urban environment. Estimated Yearly World Wide Emission of CO by major sources Source Millions of Ton per year emitted Gasoline 123. Coal 12 Non Commercial fuels 44 Particulates The concentration of airborne particulate matter emitted at combustion was found to vary with burning parameters. Particulate quality measured depended on temperature of smoke at a site where their collection from a hybrid vehicle occurred. At higher temperature more particulates are in vapor form and pass through trapping filters. Cooler gas has more of their material being condensed from vapor phases hence more is collected. Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) Is a mixture of compounds with lower boiling point fractions of fuels and lubricants as well as partly combusted fuels. They are emitted into atmosphere at refilling through leaks in crack case and from the tail pipe. VOCs are a complex mixture of aromatic, olefins, aldehydes, ketones and aliphatic. Nitrogen Oxides They include nitrous oxide, N2O nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, dinitrogen trioxide and Dinitrogen pentoxide N2O5. The paper has emphasized on nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide since the rest are in relatively low concentration and low toxicity. Nitrogen oxide was produced in high concentration, has lower toxicity and reduced effects on health. It is converted to NO2.

Sexuality :: Gender Roles, Sex

In chapter 10, Henslin talks about the issues of gender. In addition, he talks how sex and gender are different from one another. â€Å" When we consider how females and males differ, the first thing that usually comes to mind is sex, the biological characteristics that distinguishes males and females.†(248) Henslin defines sex as a biological attribute. (248) There are two distinct kind of sex a primary, and secondary. Primary sex features are related to the reproduction organs. Where as, secondary sex refers to the differences between one sex. â€Å"In short, you inherit your sex, but you learn your gender as you socialized into behaviors and attitudes your culture asserts are appropriate for your sex. (248) Sex is an ascribed status, and on the other hand gender is something you are taught. Gender is a tool that our community uses to control us; it is the structural property of society. (248)â€Å"Gender, in contrast, is a social, not a biological characteristics.† (248) Gender distinguishes the different inflections that one has and requires in words syntactically associated with them. In manifest words gender is refers if one person have masculinity or femininity characteristics. â€Å"Rather, each human group makes its own interpretation of these physical differences and assigns males and females to separate groups.† (248) After they are separated, they are told what is presume for them, and are given different access to property, power, prestige, and other privileges that they community provides. Henslin also talks about nature vs. nurture, your sex is nature, but the way you are raised to be like one is nurture. A medical accident that a 7-month baby experience when accidentally burns off a penis of the boy. The doctor recommend a sex-change-operation, the parents changed their little boy to a little girl. The know new girl behaved as a girl and followed her mother steps, but later on during her adolescent she felt she was trappe d and then her parents told her about her accident at 7 months of age. Then later on she changed back to he. (250) Gender is the main dissection between humans. â€Å" Every society sorts men and women into separate groups and gives them different access to property, power and prestige.† (251) Property, power, and prestige have a good turn for men than women. â€Å" Gerda Lerner concluded that ‘there is not a single society know where women-as-a-group have decision making power over men (as a group).

Pressure Groups Essay

Pressure groups can influence political decisions in many ways. Pressure groups represent a particular issue/issues and tries to put pressure on the government to change laws concerning their specific interest. This can take place in several different ways but methods used by insider pressure groups are different to the ones used by outsider pressure groups. Outsider pressure groups keep their independence from the government. Because of this these pressure groups are not bound by the same code of conduct as insider pressure groups and have more freedom to protest in ways, which the Government would not approve of. Direct action is a method often used by outsider pressure groups to pressurise the Government. The types of direct action used are often illegal and dangerous. For example the Animal Liberation Group went to a mink farm and let the minks out and have also picketed laboratories and thrown stones at those who work there. Outsider pressure groups that wish to become insiders are more likely to obey the law when they are protesting so they have more of a chance of establishing links with the government and be given the insider status. However insider pressure groups tend to be subtler and clever in the way they apply Pressure to the government. Insider pressure groups tend to have an expertise in their area of interest and are able to research their issues very effectively. Insider pressure groups tend to have contacts with Government Officials and Civil Servants who they are able to use to get information. Civil Servants will also use the investigations carried out by these pressure groups to improve Bills. Because insider Pressure Groups spend a lot of time researching issue’s that they are concerned about and discuss them formally then they gain respect from the government and are more able to influence decision makers. Although insider and outsider groups use different methods to influence the government the main way is to try to get publicity for their cause and to get the public on their side. Sending letters to newspapers, marching through the streets, giving Demonstrations, leafleting and holding public meetings does this. Some pressure groups will collect signatures for a petition, which they then send to an MP to try and persuade him to bring the issue up in parliament. Margerat Ewing brought up the issue of the dumping of Nuclear waste at Dunraye in parliament to help a pressure group concerned with the problem. In the Scottish Parliament there is a special Petition Committee which investigates petitions and informs the Minister to which each petitions concerns. This an effective way of pressure as it means that the Scottish Executive will be able to find out problems and will be able to see how many people want a change in legislation to solve this problem. Pressure groups influence political decisions by using the media for publicity, using government officials and civil servants and in some cases using illegal methods to try to pressurise the Government.

Should Smoking Be Banned - 1825 Words

August 27, 2015, is a day that I will not likely forget anytime soon. On that day my girlfriend, Blythe, and I were going out for our second Sunday brunch in Cape Girardeau. As we were looking for a place to eat, we spotted a Denny’s that did not look too busy, so we decided to eat there. Then the day got memorable. The second I opened the door to go into the restaurant the smell hit me. It was so strong that I could barely stand it. Even though the waiter seated Blythe and me in the non-smoking section, I doubt that it would have smelt any different if he had seated us in the middle of all the smokers in the restaurant. We both are from Illinois, which has a ban on smoking in restaurants throughout the state, so we had not even considered†¦show more content†¦6-7). Despite arguments against change, the state of Missouri should enact a law that bans smoking in restaurants throughout the state because this ban would not hurt, but quite possibly would help, restaurant o wners financially, and it would help protect against the adverse effects secondhand smoke can have on the health of restaurant employees and customers. Concerning the opposition to Missouri making restaurants smoke free, The Heartland Institute, a research institute that attempts to find solutions to economic and social issues, claims that smoking bans are not justified (â€Å"In Defense of Smokers† par. 15). It states that smoke-free laws infringe upon restaurant and bar owners’ private property rights, and the institute contends that the owners of these establishments should be able to choose for themselves whether to make their businesses smoke free or not (â€Å"In Defense of Smokers† par. 18). In addition, The Heartland Institute asserts that the use of ventilation systems and smoking and non-smoking sections is enough to protect people from any health risks of secondhand smoke (â€Å"In Defense of Smokers† par. 16). Lastly, The Heartland Institute states that smoking bans have negative economic effects on bars and restaurants due to smokers going out to these establishments less often (â€Å"In Def ense of Smokers† par. 17). In regards to smoke-free laws violating restaurant owners’ private property rights, this is a fair point that can only be disputed